Produced by: Mohsin Shaikh
The early 20th century left astronomers grappling with the mystery of spiral nebulae. Were they part of the Milky Way or entire galaxies on their own? Edwin Hubble set out to answer this cosmic riddle.
Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, ESO, J. Lee and the PHANGS-HST Team
Vesto Slipher's observations of redshifted light revealed that spiral nebulae were moving away from Earth, hinting at a much larger universe than previously imagined.
Credit: NASA
Hubble used Cepheid variable stars to calculate the distance to Andromeda. His discovery, over 2 million light-years away, confirmed that spiral nebulae were galaxies beyond the Milky Way.
Hubble’s work showed galaxies moving apart, leading to the groundbreaking realization that the universe is expanding. This became the foundation for the Big Bang theory.
Harvard astronomer Harlow Shapley, once a proponent of a smaller universe, famously lamented Hubble’s findings as “the letter that destroyed my universe.”
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The Hubble Space Telescope, launched in 1990, honored Edwin Hubble's pioneering work. It has since expanded our view of the cosmos, capturing stunning images and refining the universe’s age.
Hubble’s telescope revealed the universe’s accelerating expansion, driven by the mysterious force of dark energy. Scientists are still working to unravel its secrets.
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Hubble’s discovery of V1 laid the foundation for the cosmic distance ladder, enabling astronomers to measure distances to far-flung galaxies with precision.
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Future missions like the Roman Space Telescope aim to deepen our understanding of dark energy and build on Hubble’s legacy of cosmic exploration.
Hubble’s discovery forever changed humanity’s view of itself. The Earth, once thought central, was revealed as a tiny part of an immense, humbling universe.