‘6000-year-old’: Astronomers discover oldest ever reference of solar eclipse in Hindu texts of Rig Veda

Produced by: Tarun Mishra Designed by: Manoj Kumar

Ancient Discovery

Astronomers examining the Rig Veda, an ancient Hindu text, identified references to a total solar eclipse dating back approximately 6,000 years, making it the oldest known mention of an eclipse.

Rig Veda Context

The Rig Veda, a compilation of hymns and religious sayings from around 1500 B.C., contains descriptions of historical events, some of which predate its compilation by thousands of years.

Astronomical References

Passages in the Rig Veda describe the location of the rising sun during the vernal equinox in constellations such as Orion and the Pleiades, allowing astronomers to date these events.

Eclipse Description

The text poetically describes the sun being “pierced” with darkness and attributes the event to the actions of evil beings, matching the characteristics of a total solar eclipse.

Timing and Location

The eclipse occurred when the vernal equinox was in Orion and took place just three days before an autumnal equinox, narrowing down the time frame to around 4202 B.C. or 3811 B.C.

Comparison with Other Records 

This discovery predates previous records of eclipses, such as a clay tablet from Syria (1375 B.C. or 1223 B.C.) and a rock carving in Ireland (3340 B.C.).

Significance of the Finding

The discovery underscores the fascination ancient civilizations had with solar eclipses and highlights the value of historical texts in expanding modern understanding of celestial events.