'A 47-million-year-old mystery': ‘Alien plant’ fossil matches no known species on Earth

Produced by: Manoj Kumar

Alien Discovery

A mysterious fossil unearthed in 1969 in Utah was dubbed an "alien plant," hinting at its uniqueness and sparking decades of intrigue among scientists.

Credit: Florida Museum photo by Jeff Gage

Unmatched Fossil

The fossil, named Othniophyton elongatum, was initially thought to be related to ginseng. Recent analyses, however, debunked this theory, revealing an entirely unique species.

Credit: Florida Museum photo by Jeff Gage

Rare Features

A second fossil, discovered by Steven Manchester at UC Berkeley, had leaves, flowers, and fruits still attached—offering clues that the first sample lacked.

Credit: Ashley Hamersma, Manchester et al., 2024

Microscopy Breakthrough

Using advanced microscopy and AI at the Florida Museum of Natural History, scientists discovered unmatched reproductive traits in the fossil, reshaping previous assumptions.

Unique Stamens

The fossil retained stamens even as fruits matured, a phenomenon unseen in any modern flowering plants, according to Manchester’s statement from the Florida Museum.

Credit: Ashley Hamersma, Manchester et al., 2024

Volcanic Lake

The plant thrived 47 million years ago in Utah’s Green River Formation, a volcanic lake ecosystem that preserved fossils remarkably well in sediment and ash.

Discarded Theories

The earlier link to the ginseng family was fully ruled out with the second fossil, proving the plant's features were unmatched by any known modern or extinct families.

AI Insights

Artificial intelligence helped researchers identify patterns and structures within the fossil, pushing the boundaries of paleobotanical analysis.

Lost Diversity

The extinct plant species remains unlinked to any modern or ancient family, raising questions about how much biodiversity was lost in Earth’s evolutionary timeline.