'A day made of just 10 hours': The truth about Earth’s slowing rotation and who's causing it

Produced by: Manoj Kumar

Spin Slowdown

Earth's rotation has been steadily decelerating due to the Moon's gravitational pull. This slowdown, barely perceptible over human lifetimes, has accumulated over billions of years, altering the planet's atmospheric and biological conditions.

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Longer Days

Fossil records reveal that 1.4 billion years ago, a day lasted just 18 hours. A study in Nature Geoscience confirms that Earth's days are lengthening at a rate of 1.8 milliseconds per century, subtly shaping environmental and evolutionary processes.

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Oxygen Boost

As days grew longer, cyanobacteria had more sunlight to photosynthesize, releasing vast amounts of oxygen. This transformation, known as the Great Oxidation Event, made Earth habitable and set the stage for complex life.

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Moon Tug

The Moon is slowly drifting away from Earth, weakening its gravitational influence. This gradual shift alters ocean tides, atmospheric patterns, and even Earth's axial tilt, influencing long-term climate changes.

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Microbe Rivalry

In Lake Huron’s Middle Island Sinkhole, cyanobacteria and sulfur-metabolizing microbes compete daily for dominance. Geomicrobiologist Judith Klatt discovered that this ancient struggle mirrors the oxygenation process billions of years ago.

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Delayed Oxygen

Photosynthesis doesn't start instantly at sunrise—cyanobacteria take hours to activate. Marine scientist Arjun Chennu found that early Earth's shorter days limited oxygen production, delaying atmospheric transformation for millions of years.

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Tidal Forces

Slower rotation means weaker tidal friction, impacting ocean currents and nutrient cycles. This shift affects marine ecosystems, altering the distribution of microscopic life that plays a crucial role in oxygen generation.

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Planetary Link

Brian Arbic, an oceanographer at the University of Michigan, suggests that planetary mechanics dictate biological evolution. The interplay between Earth's spin, microbial life, and atmospheric chemistry is a rare cosmic alignment.

Cosmic Dance

Every shift in Earth's rotation and the Moon’s movement is a delicate balance of celestial mechanics. Without these cosmic forces working in harmony, life as we know it might never have evolved.

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