'A galaxy the size of rice': Andromeda XXXV challenges everything humans know

Produced by: Mohsin Shaikh

Credit: CFHT/MegaCam/PAndAS (Principal investigator: Alan McConnachie; Image processing: Marcos Arias)

Galaxy Discovered

Astronomers unveiled Andromeda XXXV, the smallest and faintest galaxy ever found, orbiting the Andromeda Galaxy—a millionth the size of the Milky Way.

Credit: CFHT/MegaCam/PAndAS (Principal investigator: Alan McConnachie; Image processing: Marcos Arias)

Cosmic Survivor

Defying cosmic odds, this tiny galaxy survived violent early universe conditions—challenging long-held beliefs about galactic destruction.

Representative pic

Dwarf Wonder

Unlike known dwarf galaxies, Andromeda XXXV is fully functional, forming stars despite being as faint as a cosmic ghost, according to Marcos Arias (University of Michigan).

Galactic Puzzle

Scientists are stunned that such a small galaxy exists at all, raising big questions about how galaxies survive in hostile cosmic environments.

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Faintest Found

Orbiting 3 million light-years away, it is the dimmest satellite galaxy around Andromeda—so faint it was nearly invisible to telescopes.

Survival Mystery

How did Andromeda XXXV hold onto star-forming gas when others perished? Astronomers now face a galactic "murder mystery" about which galaxies live or die.

Credit: NASA

Theory Shaken

Current theories predicted such galaxies shouldn’t survive the early universe’s extreme heat and radiation—forcing scientists to rewrite galactic evolution models.

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Rice-Sized Universe

“It’s like a fully functional human the size of a grain of rice,” says astronomer Eric Bell—tiny yet complete, rewriting our sense of what a galaxy can be.

Representative pic/NASA, ESA

Future Hunts

Andromeda XXXV may be the first of many ultra-tiny galaxies. If more are found, it could transform our understanding of how galaxies, including our Milky Way, were born.

Representative pic/NASA