How ISRO’s XPoSat mission is helping India in unlocking cosmic mysteries of black holes

Produced by: Tarun Mishra Designed by: Manoj Kumar

Introduction to XPoSat Mission

India’s X-ray Polarimeter Satellite (XPoSat) has been launched to study black holes and other high-energy cosmic phenomena. Developed by ISRO, this marks India’s entry into specialized space-based X-ray polarization research.

Mission Goals and Focus

XPoSat aims to analyze X-ray polarization from celestial sources, such as black holes, neutron stars, and supernova remnants. This mission seeks to uncover insights into the geometry, structure, and emission processes of these astronomical phenomena.

Key Instruments on Board

POLIX (Polarimeter Instrument in X-rays): Focuses on X-ray polarization in the energy range of 8-30 keV. XSPECT (X-ray Spectroscopy and Timing): Captures spectral and timing data in the soft X-ray band, providing a detailed understanding of celestial X-ray sources.

Why X-ray Polarization Matters

X-ray polarization studies help decode the physical properties of high-energy environments. This includes understanding the geometry of black hole accretion disks, jet formations, and the role of magnetic fields in shaping these systems.

India’s Role in Global Astronomy

XPoSat places India among a few nations capable of conducting X-ray polarization studies. It complements NASA’s IXPE (Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer), enhancing global efforts to explore high-energy phenomena.

Contribution to Black Hole Studies

By observing polarized X-rays emitted by matter falling into black holes, XPoSat offers insights into their gravitational effects and energy dynamics. This adds to understanding the evolution of galaxies and stars influenced by black holes.

Future Prospects and Collaborations

XPoSat, with its five-year mission life, is expected to generate groundbreaking data. Its findings will contribute to both national and international astrophysics research.

Significance for Fundamental Physics

The mission supports testing of theories like Einstein’s General Relativity and advances knowledge of the universe’s most energetic phenomena, offering a window into the mechanisms that drive cosmic evolution.