ISRO achieves successful test of 3D-printed rocket engine: What is 3D-printing and how does it work?

Produced by: Tarun Mishra Designed by: Manoj Kumar

Successful Test

Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) achieved a milestone on Thursday (May 9) by successfully testing a liquid rocket engine, PS4, made using additive manufacturing technology, commonly known as 3D printing.

Credit : ISRO

Redesigning for 3D Printing

ISRO redesigned the PS4 engine, used in the fourth stage of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV), to leverage 3D printing technology for production.

What is 3D Printing?

3D printing is an additive manufacturing process that creates three-dimensional objects layer by layer using computer-created designs. It utilizes materials like plastic, composites, or bio-materials to construct objects of varying shapes, sizes, and rigidity.

Process Overview

To execute 3D printing, a computer-connected to a 3D printer is required. Users design a 3D model on computer-aid design (CAD) software and initiate the printing process. The printer builds the object layer by layer until completion.

Layering Method

Unlike subtractive manufacturing, where material is carved away, 3D printers add layers of material to form objects. This process builds from the bottom up, replicating the envisioned design accurately.

Functionality of 3D Printers

3D printers operate similarly to traditional inkjet printers, depositing layers of wax or plastic-like polymer to create a three-dimensional object. They can produce simple objects like balls or spoons to intricate moving parts like hinges and wheels.

Advantages for ISRO

By utilizing 3D printing, ISRO reduced the PS4 engine’s parts from 14 to a single piece, eliminating 19 weld joints and saving 97% of raw material. Additionally, it slashed the production time by 60%.

Impact and Potential

The adoption of 3D printing technology by ISRO highlights its potential to streamline manufacturing processes, reduce costs, and enhance efficiency in the aerospace industry.