ISRO’s Aditya L1 records the most powerful solar storm to hit Earth in 20 years

Produced by: Tarun Mishra Designed by: Manoj Kumar

Historic Solar Storm

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) announced that the Aditya L1 mission captured a powerful solar storm that hit Earth on Saturday, leading to vibrant displays of color in the Northern Hemisphere skies.

ISRO’s Comprehensive Observation

ISRO mobilized all observation platforms and systems to document this geomagnetic storm, marking it as the most significant solar activity event in the past 20 years.

Observations by Aditya L1 and Chandrayaan-2

Both Aditya L1 and Chandrayaan-2 recorded and analyzed the event’s signatures. ISRO’s statement highlighted the collaborative efforts between the two missions.

ASPEX Payload Findings

The ASPEX payload on Aditya L1 recorded high-speed solar wind, high-temperature solar wind plasma, and an increased flux of energetic ions. The Solar Wind Ion Spectrometer (SWIS) captured the enhancement of alpha particles and proton flux.

Energetic Ion Flux Measurements

Aditya L1’s SupraThermal and Energetic Particle Spectrometer (STEPS) measured solar wind ions across seven energy ranges, noting a steady rise in energetic ion fluxes during the event.

X-ray and Magnetometer Data

The X-ray payloads SoLEXS and HEL1OS on Aditya L1 observed multiple X- and M-class flares. The in-situ magnetometer (MAG) also detected the events as they passed the L1 point.

Credit : ISRO

Comparison to Historic Events

ISRO noted the storm’s magnitude, comparing it to the Carrington event of 1859. This storm is the strongest since 2003, based on the intensity of solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs).

Impact on High Latitudes

Multiple X-class flares and CMEs affected high-latitude regions significantly, causing trans-polar flight diversions. ISRO predicts more solar events in the coming days.

India’s Minimal Impact

The main impact occurred early on May 11, before the ionosphere was fully developed. Due to India’s lower latitudes, the country experienced minimal outages, unlike higher latitude regions.