Produced by: Tarun Mishra Designed by: Mohsin Shaikh
To land a human on the Moon by 2040, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) needs a launch vehicle with super-lift capabilities, which can carry more than 100,000 kilograms to Low Earth Orbit (LEO). In comparison, Chandrayaan-3 mission was launched on LVM-3 rocket, which can lift only about 10,000 kilograms
According to report by India Today, developing a propulsion system with a balanced combination of semi-cryogenic and cryogenic engines, similar to the technology that powered NASA's Saturn-V, is essential. These engines are key to achieving the required thrust for the lunar mission
India faces stiff competition from other spacefaring nations, including China, SpaceX, and Russia. They are developing heavy-lift launch vehicles with impressive capabilities. India must keep pace and prioritise the development of its own super-lift launch vehicle
The success of the upcoming Gaganyaan mission, which involves sending three Indian astronauts into orbit for a 3-day mission, is pivotal. This mission serves as a testing ground and will provides invaluable insights for the development of the desired rocket system capable of venturing beyond Earth's orbit
The process of developing a new launch vehicle is intricate and time-consuming. It can span over a decade, from initial research and development to the actual flight. Early commencement of this endeavour is critical to meet the 2040 deadline
Concurrently, ISRO must focus on the development of the key modules for the lunar mission, including the Crew Module, Service Module, and Lunar Module. These modules are essential to ensure the astronauts' safe journey to and from the Moon's surface
ISRO needs to develop cutting-edge technologies to withstand the harsh lunar environment. This includes innovations for lunar landing and return, systems capable of surviving the extreme coldness of space, preparations for food supplies, and health studies to assess the effects on astronauts
Overcoming these challenges requires substantial financial support. The Government of India needs to allocate additional funds to ensure the successful execution of this ambitious lunar mission. Encouraging private investment and collaboration would also be crucial to secure the necessary resources
ISRO has been known for its cost-effective and innovative approach to space exploration. However, certain aspects of the mission involve fixed costs. While innovation can offset some expenses, additional funding is essential for critical components
Despite the challenges, India's determination, combined with ISRO’s track record of rapid technological advancements, paints an optimistic picture of achieving the 2040 lunar landing goal. With India's direction and pace, landing on the Moon by 2040 is a real possibility