'New blood group found': Rare mutation reveals a hidden human secret after 50 years
Produced by: Manoj Kumar
Mystery Molecule
Discovered in 1972, a pregnant woman’s blood was found to lack a common surface molecule, baffling scientists for decades.
New Discovery
Researchers from the UK and Israel have finally identified a new blood group system, named MAL, after 50 years of investigation.
Rare Mutation
The MAL blood group is caused by mutations in both copies of the MAL gene, leading to the absence of the AnWj antigen in rare cases.
Patient Clues
Three patients without the MAL gene mutation revealed that blood disorders can also suppress the AnWj antigen.
Breakthrough Study
Researchers confirmed the MAL gene’s role by inserting it into AnWj-negative blood cells, restoring the missing antigen.
Vital Protein
The MAL protein stabilizes cell membranes and aids cell transport, with the AnWj antigen appearing soon after birth.
Shared Mutation
All AnWj-negative patients in the study had the same MAL gene mutation, though no associated diseases were found.
Life-Saving Tests
The discovery allows doctors to test patients for inherited MAL mutations or antigen suppression, potentially uncovering hidden medical issues.
Rare Impact
Understanding rare blood quirks like MAL can prevent fatal transfusion reactions and save lives, a critical advancement in hematology.