'No matter what': Europe's Mars Sample Return Orbiter progressing, while NASA's project remains stuck in uncertainty

Produced by: Tarun Mishra

Credit: ESA

ESA Advances Earth  Return Orbiter

The European Space Agency (ESA) is progressing with its Earth Return Orbiter (ERO) for the Mars Sample Return mission, despite NASA's budgetary challenges.

Credit: ESA

Key Role in Mars  Sample Return

ERO is designed to transport samples collected by NASA's Perseverance rover from Mars back to Earth, crucially catching a capsule in Martian orbit and returning it to our planet.

Passing Design Review

The spacecraft has successfully passed its design review, validating its technical details and allowing the project to move on to the manufacturing and testing phases.

Credit: ESA

Foundation for  Construction

"A robust design is the foundation for building, testing, and assembling the hardware into a complete spacecraft," said Tiago Loureiro, ERO’s project team leader, emphasizing the importance of this milestone.

Credit: ESA

Engineering  Qualification Model

An engineering qualification model of the Remote Interface Unit (RIU) has been developed. This unit connects the spacecraft’s equipment, such as sensors and actuators, to the main computer, and is tested under harsh conditions.

Credit: ESA

Orbital Dance Choreographed from Earth

From hundreds of millions of kilometers away, Earth-based teams will coordinate the complex maneuver of catching and returning the Mars sample, according to Orson Sutherland, ESA's Mars program manager.

Credit: ESA

NASA's Budget Review

NASA’s part of the mission, which involves transporting the sample on Mars and launching it into orbit with the Mars Ascent Vehicle, is under review due to its $11 billion budget being deemed too expensive.

Potential Design Changes

NASA is considering design changes to reduce costs and has commissioned ten studies to explore more affordable alternatives for the Mars Sample Return mission.

ESA's Adaptability

ESA assures that ERO can adapt to any changes in the mission’s architecture, showcasing its flexibility and reliability as a partner for NASA.

Credit: ESA

Commitment to  Mission Goals

"The Earth Return Orbiter works for what was planned to do and more," said Tiago, reaffirming ESA's commitment to the mission despite uncertainties, and its readiness to support any new scenarios that may arise.