Produced by: Tarun Mishra Designed by: Manoj Kumar
Scientists have identified a large cave system near the Apollo 11 landing site on the moon. The cave was detected using radar images from NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, which were taken in 2010.
The identified pits on the moon may serve as "skylights" to extensive cave systems beneath the lunar surface, potentially providing valuable shelter for future lunar bases.
The cave is located in Mare Tranquillitatis (Sea of Tranquility), where Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed on July 20, 1969. While Mare Tranquillitatis may not be the primary choice for initial lunar settlements, its discovery suggests similar formations could be found in more suitable locations.
Mare Tranquillitatis is not an ideal location for a lunar base due to the absence of ice, which is necessary for water, oxygen, and rocket fuel. Ice is more likely to be found at the lunar poles, making them preferred sites for future settlements.
The Mare Tranquillitatis pit is approximately 100 meters (330 feet) wide and 130 to 170 meters (427 to 558 feet) deep, making it the deepest known lunar pit. This pit could lead to a larger system of tunnels and conduits.
Re-analysis of radar data and computer simulations suggest that the pit leads to an accessible subsurface cave. This discovery is detailed in a paper published in *Nature Astronomy* by Leonardo Carrer and colleagues.
The cave system could offer natural protection from cosmic rays and provide a stable temperature, crucial for long-term lunar habitation. The moon's surface experiences extreme temperature fluctuations, and the cave's shade would help regulate temperature.
Accessing the cave presents challenges due to the sheer drop of over 100 meters. Future exploration will require safe descent and ascent methods, such as ladders or advanced systems. Additionally, the structural integrity of the caves will need to be assessed.
The discovery of similar structures near the lunar poles would enhance settlement prospects by combining natural shelter with access to water ice. This would facilitate longer-term lunar habitation and reduce the logistical challenges of establishing a permanent presence on the moon.