Produced by: Tarun Mishra Designed by: Muskan Arora
The Indian Constitution officially came into effect on January 26, 1950, at 10:18 am, marking the transition of India into a Republic country.
Chosen for its historical significance, January 26 is the anniversary of Purna Swaraj Day, observed on January 26, 1930.
The Indian Constitution holds the record for being the longest written constitution globally, incorporating 448 Articles in 22 Parts, 12 Schedules, and 97 Amendments. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar is credited as the chief architect.
It took approximately 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days to complete the drafting of the Indian Constitution, which was finalized on January 24, 1950.
Two handwritten copies of the Constitution, in English and Hindi, were signed by 308 members of the Assembly on January 24, 1950. They are securely stored in helium-filled cases at the Library of Parliament House.
Since its inception, the Indian Constitution has undergone 94 amendments. The national motto, "Satyamev Jayate," is derived from the Mundaka Upanishad, Atharvaveda.
"Jana Gana Mana," the National Anthem, was written by Rabindranath Tagore in Bengali. It was first translated into Hindi by Abid Ali in 1911 and officially adopted on January 24, 1950.
Republic Day celebrations include the President's address, garlanding at Amar Jawan Jyoti, and the Beating Retreat ceremony on January 29 at Vijay Chowk. The first chief guest was President Sukarno of Indonesia in 1950.