A majority of respondents was pessimistic about the new management making any difference. This is hardly surprising considering past experience: the more things have changed at Air India, the more they have remained the same. Very few expect much from the new CMD, Rohit Nandan. Like his predecessor Arvind Jadhav, he is also an IAS officer. In fact, he is the third bureaucrat to head Air India in the last four years. A root cause of all the problems at the national airline has been perpetual political interference. Like his predecessors, Nandan may find that difficult to overcome.