The scandal has so far cost Volkswagen more than $30.35 billion in fines, compensation and buybacks, mainly in the United States. The company announced a net loss of nearly $1.87 billion in 2015, its first in 20 years, after setting aside billions to cover the costs of the Dieselgate. But it returned to the black in 2016, with a net profit of $6 billion, followed by $13.25 billion in 2017. It still faces lawsuits from thousands of car buyers and investors around the world, including Germany, France, Italy, Britain and Poland.